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“Vitamin Deficiencies in Amino Acid Metabolism: Biochemical Impacts and Pathways”

“Discover how vitamin deficiencies disrupt amino acid metabolism. This detailed guide explains impaired reactions, enzymes affected, and consequences, emphasizing the biochemical role of B6, B1, B9, B12, and biotin in critical pathways.”

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Summary of Amino acid disorders with easy recall mnemonics

  Disorder Defective Enzyme/Transporter Clinical Picture Mnemonic Phenylketonuria (PKU) Phenylalanine hydroxylase Musty body odor, intellectual disability, seizures, pale skin, eczema Pale kids with Krappy Urine Alkaptonuria Homogentisic acid oxidase Black urine, ochronosis (bluish-black pigmentation in connective tissues), arthritis Black CAP: Cartilage, Arthritis, Pigmentation Maple Syrup Urine Disease (MSUD) Branched-chain α-ketoacid dehydrogenase Sweet-smelling urine, poor feeding,

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Amino acids associated with the TCA cycle and their entry points (with easy mnemonics)

Here’s a table showing the amino acids associated with each intermediate and helpful mnemonics to aid memorization: Intermediate Amino Acids Associated Mnemonic for Amino Acid Entry Points Pyruvate Glycine, Alanine, Serine, Cysteine, Threonine, Tryptophan, Hydroxyproline G – Glycine A – Alanine S – Serine C – Cysteine T – Threonine T – Tryptophan H – Hydroxyproline

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Amino acids associated with the TCA cycle and helpful mnemonics to aid memorization

Here’s a table showing the amino acids associated with each intermediate and helpful mnemonics to aid memorization: Intermediate Amino Acids Associated Mnemonic for Amino Acid Entry Points Pyruvate Glycine, Alanine, Serine, Cysteine, Threonine, Tryptophan, Hydroxyproline G – Glycine A – Alanine S – Serine C – Cysteine T – Threonine T – Tryptophan H – Hydroxyproline

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